翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Thermal immersion circulator ・ Thermal infrared spectroscopy ・ Thermal insulation ・ Thermal integrity profiling ・ Thermal ionization ・ Thermal ionization mass spectrometry ・ Thermal keratosis ・ Thermal lag ・ Thermal lance ・ Thermal laser stimulation ・ Thermal loop ・ Thermal low ・ Thermal management ・ Thermal management of electronic devices and systems ・ Thermal management of high-power LEDs ・ Thermal manikin ・ Thermal mass ・ Thermal mass flow meter ・ Thermal mass refrigerator ・ Thermal Micrometeoroid Garment ・ Thermal neutral zone ・ Thermal optimum ・ Thermal oxidation ・ Thermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant ・ Thermal oxidizer ・ Thermal pad ・ Thermal pad (disambiguation) ・ Thermal paper ・ Thermal physics ・ Thermal pollution Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Thermal manikin ： ウィキペディア英語版 Thermal manikin The thermal manikin is a human model designed for scientific testing of thermal environments without the risk or inaccuracies inherent in human subject testing. Thermal manikins are primarily used in automotive, indoor environment, outdoor environment, military and clothing research. The first thermal manikins in the 1940s were developed by the US Army and consisted of one whole-body sampling zone. Modern-day manikins can have over 30 individually controlled zones. Each zone (right hand, pelvis, etc.) contains a heating element and temperature sensors within the “skin” of the manikin. This allows the control software to heat the manikin to a normal human body temperature, while logging the amount of power necessary to do so in each zone and the temperature of that zone. ==History== Clothing insulation is the thermal insulation provided by clothing and it is measured in clo. The measuring unit was developed in 1941. Shortly afterward, thermal manikins were developed by the US Army for the purposes of carrying out insulation measurements on the gear they were developing. The first thermal manikins were standing, made of copper, and were one segment, measuring whole-body heat loss. Over the years these were improved upon by various companies and individuals employing new technologies and techniques as understanding of thermal comfort increased. In the mid-1960s, seated and multi-segmented thermal manikins were developed, and digital regulation was employed, allowing for much more accurate power application and measurement. Over time breathing, sneezing, moving (such as continuous walking or biking motions) and sweating were all employed in the manikins, in addition to male, female, and child sizes depending on the application. Nowadays most manikins used for research purposes will have a minimum of 15 zones, and as many as 34 with options (often as a purchasable add-on to the base manikin) for sweating, breathing, and movement systems although simpler manikins are also in use in the clothing industry. Additionally, in the early 2000s several different computer models of manikins were developed in Hong Kong, the UK, and Sweden. The following table gives an overview of different thermal manikin developments through the years:〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Thermal manikin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.